The choices Diaphragm/cap

Diaphragm/cap

What is it?

The diaphragm or cap is a barrier method of contraception that you insert into the vagina to cover the entrance to the womb before having intercourse. The cap and diaphragm, which is fitted by a doctor or nurse initially, must be left in place for at least six hours, but no longer than 30-48 (depending on type) hours after intercourse. The cap should be used with a spermicide. During your initial consultation a doctor or nurse will show you how to place it correctly and ensure you have the correct size diaphragm. Once the diaphragm is inserted it needs to be left in place for at least six hours prior to intercourse.

How do they work?

Diaphragms and caps must be used with a spermicide. The diaphragm or cap works by preventing sperm from reaching the womb, while the spermicide kills sperm. Spermicides come in two varieties, cream or pessary.

How effective is it?

If used according to instructions, diaphragms and caps are 92–96% effective when used with spermicide.

What are the benefits?

• Only needs to be used when you have sex
• May help to protect against cancer of the cervix

Who may not be able to / may not want to use it?

Women who:

• Have vaginal muscles that can't hold a diaphragm /cap
• Have a cervix of an unusual shape or in an awkward position that can't be reached
• Are sensitive to the chemicals in latex or spermicide
• Have repeated urinary infections
• Have a vaginal infection (wait until after the infection has cleared)
• Have ever had toxic shock syndrome
• Do not feel comfortable touching their vagina
• Those who have a high risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Possible side-effects?

Not all women will experience side-effects

• Sensitivity to the spermicides or allergies to the latex in the diaphragm/cap may occur
• Increased risk of cystitis (diaphragm users)

What if:

I want to become pregnant?

If you want to start trying for a baby, you can stop using diaphragms/caps at any time. Ideally you should wait for one period before trying to get pregnant. Waiting means the pregnancy can be dated more accurately and you can start pre-pregnancy care, such as taking folic acid and stopping smoking.

Remember: Contact your doctor or nurse if you have any concerns or are worried/unsure about anything to do with your contraception.